Causes of Lung cancer : Reducing Your Risk

Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung by the process of metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body. Most cancers that start in the lung, known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas. The two main types are small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The most common symptoms are coughing (including coughing up blood), weight loss, shortness of breath, and chest pains.

Respiratory

31 causes

Protective Factors	Studies
Protective Factor Mediterranean diet Nutrition	1 study Effects on Health Outcomes of a Mediterranean Diet With No Restrict... Study in 2016 -80% with High evidence in 10 years 465,106 subjects
Protective Factor Aspirin Manufactured	2 studies Aspirin Use and Risk of Fatal Cancer Study in 1993 -40% with High evidence in 10 years 635,031 subjects Aspirin Use and Lung, Colon, and Breast Cancer Incidence in a Prosp... Study in 1994 -32% with High evidence in 10 years 12,668 subjects
Protective Factor Soy Nutrition	1 study Soy intake is associated with lower lung cancer risk: results from ... Study in 2011 -30% with High evidence in 10 years
Minor Protective Factor Cruciferous vegetables Nutrition	1 study Cruciferous vegetables consumption and the risk of female lung canc... Study in 2013 -27% with High evidence in 13 years 1 month 74,914 subjects
Minor Protective Factor Butternut squash Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Citrus (orange, mandar... Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Purple Sweet Potato Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Bell peppers Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Kale Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Cantaloupe Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Spinach Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Carrots Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -57% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Broccoli Nutrition	1 study β-Cryptoxanthin Reduced Lung Tumor Multiplicity and Inhibited Lung ... Study in 2016 -35% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Olive oil Nutrition	1 study Olive oil intake is inversely related to cancer prevalence: a syste... Study in 2011 -33% with Low evidence in 4 years 37,140 subjects

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Risk Factors	Studies
Strong Risk Factor Smoking Contaminant	1 study Association of Long-term, Low-Intensity Smoking With All-Cause and ... Study in 2017 +1061% with High evidence in 9 years 290,215 subjects
Risk Factor Coal Smoke Exposure Contaminant	1 study Air pollution and lung cancer risks in China—a meta-analysis Study in 2006 +266% with Moderate evidence
Risk Factor Cooking Oil Vapor Expo... Contaminant	1 study Air pollution and lung cancer risks in China—a meta-analysis Study in 2006 +212% with Moderate evidence
Risk Factor Lead Exposure Contaminant	1 study Cancer and occupational exposure to inorganic lead compounds: a met... Study in 1995 +42% with High evidence in 10 years
Minor Risk Factor Bitumen Exposure Contaminant	1 study Cancer risk in asphalt workers and roofers: Review and meta-analysi... Study in 1994 +80% with Moderate evidence
Minor Risk Factor PM10 Outdoor Air Pollu... Contaminant	1 study Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts: pro... Study in 2013 +22% with High evidence in 12.8 years 312 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Sedentary Lifestyle Selfcare	1 study Television Viewing and Time Spent Sedentary in Relation to Cancer R... Study in 2015 +21% with High evidence in 20 years 68,936 subjects
Minor Risk Factor PM25 Outdoor Air Pollu... Contaminant	1 study Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts: pro... Study in 2013 +18% with High evidence in 12.8 years 312 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Fried Foods Nutrition	1 study Fried, well-done red meat and riskof lung cancer in women (United S... Study in 1998 +50% with Moderate evidence 1,216 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Coffee (Caffeine) Beverage	1 study Association of Coffee Consumption with Total and Cause-Specific Mor... Study in 2015 +39% with Moderate evidence in 22 years 208,501 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Radon exposure Contaminant	1 study Radon in homes and risk of lung cancer: collaborative analysis of i... Study in 2004 +31% with Moderate evidence in 23 years 21,356 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Red Meat Nutrition	1 study Fried, well-done red meat and riskof lung cancer in women (United S... Study in 1998 +80% with Low evidence 1,216 subjects
Minor Protective Factor Height Musculoskeletal system	2 studies Adult Stature and Risk of Cancer at Different Anatomic Sites in a C... Study in 2013 +10% with High evidence 144,701 subjects Association between Adult Height and Risk of Colorectal, Lung, and ... Study in 2016 +6% with High evidence 62 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Meat & Foods rich in B... Nutrition	1 study Fried, well-done red meat and riskof lung cancer in women (United S... Study in 1998 +60% with Low evidence 1,216 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Busy Road Traffic Expo... Contaminant	1 study Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts: pro... Study in 2013 +9% with Moderate evidence 312 subjects
Minor Protective Factor Insulin-like Human Gr... Endocrine system	1 study Association between Adult Height and Risk of Colorectal, Lung, and ... Study in 2016 +6% with Low evidence 62 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Alcohol Beverage	1 study A meta-analysis of alcohol drinking and cancer risk Study in 2001 +4% with Low evidence in 34 years 117,000 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Saturated Fat Nutrition	1 study Targeting metastasis-initiating cells through the fatty acid recept... Study in 2016 +1% with Low evidence