Causes of Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) : Reducing Your Risk

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is cancer developing from the lining of the stomach. Early symptoms may include heartburn, upper abdominal pain, nausea and loss of appetite. Later signs and symptoms may include weight loss, yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes, vomiting, difficulty swallowing, and blood in the stool among others. The cancer may spread from the stomach to other parts of the body, particularly the liver, lungs, bones, lining of the abdomen and lymph nodes.

Digestive

17 causes

Protective Factors	Studies
Protective Factor Garlic (Allium sativum) Nutrition	2 studies Garlic consumption and cancer prevention: meta-analyses of colorect... Study in 2000 -47% with High evidence in 4 years 8,518 subjects Allium Vegetables and Reduced Risk of Stomach Cancer -40% with Moderate evidence 564 subjects
Protective Factor Aspirin Manufactured	1 study Aspirin Use and Risk of Fatal Cancer Study in 1993 -40% with High evidence in 10 years 635,031 subjects
Protective Factor Purple Cabbage Nutrition	1 study Cruciferous vegetable consumption and gastric cancer risk: A meta-a... Study in 2013 -32% with High evidence in 9 years 1,406,973 subjects
Protective Factor Citrus (orange, mandar... Nutrition	1 study Citrus fruit intake and stomach cancer risk: a quantitative systema... Study in 2008 -28% with High evidence in 10 years
Minor Protective Factor Cruciferous vegetables Nutrition	1 study Cruciferous vegetable consumption and gastric cancer risk: A meta-a... Study in 2013 -19% with High evidence in 9 years 1,406,973 subjects
Minor Protective Factor Fresh Chili Peppers (C... Herb	2 studies Consumption of spicy foods and total and cause specific mortality: ... Study in 2015 -11% with High evidence in 4 years 487,375 subjects Capsaicin can alter the expression of tumor forming-related genes w... -8% with Low evidence
Minor Protective Factor Olive oil Nutrition	1 study Olive oil intake is inversely related to cancer prevalence: a syste... Study in 2011 -35% with Moderate evidence in 4 years 37,140 subjects
Minor Protective Factor Nuts & Peanuts Nutrition	1 study Higher nut intake is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular... Study in 2016 -1% with High evidence in 10 years 819,448 subjects
Minor Protective Factor Red Onions Nutrition	1 study Allium Vegetables and Reduced Risk of Stomach Cancer -1% with Low evidence 564 subjects

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Risk Factors	Studies
Strong Risk Factor Obesity Musculoskeletal system	1 study Body Fatness and Cancer — Viewpoint of the IARC Working Group +480% with High evidence
Strong Risk Factor Smoking Contaminant	1 study Tobacco smoking and cancer: A meta-analysis Study in 2007 +357% with High evidence in 13 years
Risk Factor Lead Exposure Contaminant	1 study Cancer and occupational exposure to inorganic lead compounds: a met... Study in 1995 +50% with High evidence in 10 years
Minor Risk Factor Bitumen Exposure Contaminant	1 study Cancer risk in asphalt workers and roofers: Review and meta-analysi... Study in 1994 +70% with Moderate evidence
Minor Risk Factor Refined grains Nutrition	1 study Refined and whole grain cereals and the risk of oral, oesophageal a... Study in 2000 +50% with Moderate evidence in 10 years 156 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Alcohol Beverage	1 study A meta-analysis of alcohol drinking and cancer risk Study in 2001 +32% with Moderate evidence in 34 years 117,000 subjects
Minor Risk Factor Processed Meat Nutrition	1 study Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat. Study in 2015 +9% with Moderate evidence in 22 years

Outcomes	References
Risk Factor Mortality Musculoskeletal system	1 study Cancer statistics, 2015 Study in 2015 +71% with High evidence in 4 years 2,247,800 subjects

There are 9 factors preventing Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer), including:

Protective Factor Garlic (Allium sativum)Nutrition

Protective Factor AspirinManufactured

Protective Factor Purple CabbageNutrition

Protective Factor Citrus (orange, mandar...Nutrition

Minor Protective Factor Cruciferous vegetablesNutrition

Minor Protective Factor Fresh Chili Peppers (C...Herb

Minor Protective Factor Olive oilNutrition

Minor Protective Factor Nuts & PeanutsNutrition

Minor Protective Factor Red OnionsNutrition

There are 7 factors increasing Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer), including:

Strong Risk Factor ObesityMusculoskeletal system

Strong Risk Factor SmokingContaminant

Risk Factor Lead ExposureContaminant

Minor Risk Factor Bitumen ExposureContaminant

Minor Risk Factor Refined grainsNutrition

Minor Risk Factor AlcoholBeverage

Minor Risk Factor Processed MeatNutrition

Possible outcomes of Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer)

Risk Factor MortalityMusculoskeletal system

Protective Factor Garlic (Allium sativum)
Nutrition

Protective Factor Aspirin
Manufactured

Protective Factor Purple Cabbage
Nutrition

Protective Factor Citrus (orange, mandar...
Nutrition

Minor Protective Factor Cruciferous vegetables
Nutrition

Minor Protective Factor Fresh Chili Peppers (C...
Herb

Minor Protective Factor Olive oil
Nutrition

Minor Protective Factor Nuts & Peanuts
Nutrition

Minor Protective Factor Red Onions
Nutrition

Strong Risk Factor Obesity
Musculoskeletal system

Strong Risk Factor Smoking
Contaminant

Risk Factor Lead Exposure
Contaminant

Minor Risk Factor Bitumen Exposure
Contaminant

Minor Risk Factor Refined grains
Nutrition

Minor Risk Factor Alcohol
Beverage

Minor Risk Factor Processed Meat
Nutrition

Risk Factor Mortality
Musculoskeletal system